1. Parental consent is not required. It has been the practice in most states to have parent signature but in actuality, it is not required. States are increasingly formulating IEP's that do not require parent signature. Part of this is our very changing society. For example, for the kids in foster care, we used to have to track down the foster care worker, have them come to the meeting to act for the state..but with the wide variety of living situations that kids have nowadays, sometimes it is impossible. If a parent objects to an IEP, surely the district should do everything possible to work with the parent but the parent can ask for a new IEP or they can go to hearing--at their expense.
2. If a student arrives from out of state, in some states a new eval. is required if an eval. has not been done in the state in the past. If the state in which they arrive feels that they can match the services from a previous state, they are not required to do a new IEP. Having said that, most districts do have a new IEP anyway. If for no other reason than new goals and objectives are needed, especially among high school kids. Some school district offer various HS curriculum that a student could benefit from and then an IEP can be necessary even if their service continues to be the same-Resource Room, Self Contained etc.
3. In Michigan, lack of attendance would likely rule out ESY unless there were mitigating circumstances such as a significant illness or accident. Even then, it would probably depend on the district.
4. You bet, that gal is going to eat those words for a long time but hey, we're all mere mortals.