California has relied on a combination of federal, state, and local opposition to prevent new oil drilling off its coast since the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill. Key systems include the state's ability to deny permits for onshore infrastructure, a long-standing moratorium on new leasing in state waters, a long-term history of governors opposing federal leasing plans, and strong public opposition to drilling.
State and local systems
Onshore infrastructure denial: California can refuse permits for oil and gas infrastructure, such as pipelines and processing facilities, needed to support offshore drilling.
State waters ban: The state has prohibited new drilling in state waters, which extend three miles from the shoreline, since the 1969 oil spill.
Historical opposition: California's governors have historically opposed and fought against federal plans to expand offshore drilling in the state's waters.
Federal opposition
Leasing opposition: California governors have the right to request changes to federal leasing programs and must be consulted as part of the process under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (OCSLA).
Public opposition: Broad public opposition, supported by groups like Oceana, has historically influenced federal policy and can be a significant factor in blocking drilling proposals.
Other
No new leases since the 1980s: Federal waters off California have not seen new oil and gas leasing since the mid-1980s.
Marine Sanctuaries: The state and federal government have established large marine sanctuaries, such as the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, which offer additional protections to offshore areas
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