First was syphillis
Hawaii's people were decimated by many plagues. It was not thousands; they reduced the Hawaiian people by 90%.
https://www.oha.org/wp-content/uploads/History-of-Epidemics-in-Hawaii-Information-Sheet-LCH-2021.pdf
OFFICE OF HAWAIIAN AFFAIRS RESEARCH DIVISION
A Brief Overview of Epidemics in Hawaiʻi
Introduction
As Hawaiʻi experiences the effects of COVID-19, this trying time re-
minds us to reflect upon our history for guidance on moving for-
ward. Native Hawaiians have been experiencing the effects of
foreign illnesses for over 200 years. Beginning with Captain Cooks
arrival, increased contact with the rest of the world enabled the
spread of illnesses to Hawaiʻi that would have catastrophic effects on
the Native Hawaiian population throughout the islands.
As a people, Native Hawaiians come from a long history of being
healthy. With the main occupations of farming and fishing, Native
Hawaiians enjoyed a physically rigorous lifestyle. Kahuna La ʻau
Lapaʻau (healing experts) applied pule (prayer) and la ʻau (medicine)
to known maʻi (illnesses) that were present in Hawaiʻi before the
arrival of foreigners. Foreign illnesses that caused epidemics came to
be known as maʻi ahulau, because of the numerous bodies that were
ahu or heaped up due to the number of deaths (Pukui & Elbert,
1986). The Merriam-Webster dictionary states that A disease can
be declared an epidemic when it spreads over a wide area and many
individuals are taken ill at the same time and may become a pan-
demic if the area and population affected become greater.
This is not meant to be an exhaustive account of all the illnesses that
plagued Native Hawaiians, but is instead an overview of the major
epidemics, the effects they had and the response and resilience of
Native Hawaiians through those times. A timeline by Papa Ola
Lo kahi entitled, Hawaiian Health Timeline and Events, was
referenced in order to identify the major historical epidemics that
are expanded upon in this paper
(Papa Ola Lokahi, 2016).
Kalawao Leper Settlement (Source: Hawaiʻi State Archives )
Research Division
Land, Culture, and History Section
Information Sheet, June 2020
Office of Hawaiian Affairs 560 N. Nimitz Hwy, Suite 200, Honolulu, HI 96817 www.oha.org
More at the link.